New Innovations in Economics, Business and Management Vol. 5

This paper assessed the relationship between terrorism and foreign direct investment in Kenya. Secondary data on the Terrorism attacks and FDI from 2010 to 2012 was used for the study. Multiple regression model was used to test of the relationship between the study variables. By applying the model, the study found that terrorism negatively affects FDI in Kenya. It was concluded that Terrorism activities negatively affect the FDI in Kenya. Terrorism activities decrease the foreign investor confidence which decrease the FDI. As such, the study further concluded that  if one investor experiences an attack, other investors suffer from a negative spillover effect as they shy away from investing in that economy. The study finally concluded that political stability is critical determinant of FDI. Where there are numerous terrorism activities, investors will tend to shy away from investing in such economies. The Null hypothesis that there is no relationship between terrorism and FDI was thus rejected.

These findings are in line with the findings of a study presented at the Eight Young Economists Seminar (2013) where they found that on average, if FDI host country increases the number of terrorist attacks towards investor by one standard deviation, there is a decrease in the flow of investment by 14 percent of the average FDI share in a host's GDP. The findings also revealed that that. Finally, the study revealed that that in the last 16 years by the time of the study perceived political stability is the most important factor for FDI. The findings are also supported by Shahbaz et al. [1] study examining the relationship between terrorism and foreign direct investment where they found that due to increase in the number of terrorist attacks, foreign investors showed negative interest to invest money in Pakistan.

A cross-sectional study investigated on the influence of organisational resources on implementations of strategic plans in Tanzania’s executive agencies. The literature in execution of strategies shows that, organizations fail to attain their goals not due to bad strategy formulation, but the implementation is a key to their demise or failure. The goal was to investigate strategic influence of organisational resources on execution of strategic plans. Data were gathered from seven (7) of Tanzania's 27 executive agencies. This accounted for 26% of the total number of agencies. The study employed stratified random sampling to obtain a sample size of 188 respondents, representing 30 percent of the target populations (632 employees) in the headquarters of sampled executive agencies. The study revealed a significant strong positive relationship (R = 56.2%) between organisational resources and execution of strategic plans with R-square of 0.315 which implies that, 31.5% in execution of strategic plans is contributed by organisational resources and 68.5% was contributed by other factors which were not included in this study. According to the findings, organisational resources are a critical factor in the successful implementation of strategies in Tanzania's executive agencies.

In recent times,, the general consensus is that  declining economic growth is permeating developing economies at alarming rate, including Nigeria. The performance of Nigeria’s economic growth has remained suboptimal and also very volatile despite all her aspirations for sustainable and inclusive growth. The main objective of this study is therefore to examine some selected major economic growth determinants in order to establish the degree of their influence on growth as well as the direction of causality that exists between economic growth and the selected growth indicators in Nigeria. The study, employed Johansen Co-integration test, Error Correction Model (ECM) and Granger Causality tests for a period spanning 1980 to 2012. Applying the newer endogenous growth framework and based on the empirical evidences, the results demonstrate that a positive and significant long-run relationship exists between economic growth (GDP) and some selected economic growth-indicators namely: productivity index (industrial), stock market capitalization and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) indicating that they contribute effectively to growth., However, the impact of trade openness, although positive, is not significant. Others (inflation, Government fiscal deficit and national savings) show significant inverse relationship with economic growth, implying that they constitute constraints to the growth of the economy. The directions of causality between economic growth and these selected determinants are mixed – unidirectional, bilateral and independent. Overall, the speed of the equilibrium adjustment (as indicated by well-defined negative ECM coefficient), is slow and suggests that economic growth process in Nigeria tends to adjust slowly to the disequilibrium changes in those determinants in  the short run, .indicating policy lag effect The study therefore recommends that the government should strive to achieve sustainable price stability, fiscal discipline, economic efficiency driven by infrastructural support and enhanced technology, to increase productive capacity. Stable polity and institutional reforms to promote trade, domestic and foreign investments, should also be highly emphasized. There is also need for the policy makers to take cognizance of the policy lag effect and design policies in line with the expected magnitude of expected changes.

Purpose: International markets gives big opportunities for developing new products for company to influencing company performance. The purpose of research is examines the factors of new product success towards export performance.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is determines the factors of new product success in international markets. Questionnaires are distributed to employees at Volvo Cars Manufacturing Malaysia for collecting data. 130 questionnaires are distributed to employees in the company but only 100 were completed and returned back. The response rate of questionnaires is 76.92 percent.

Findings: The research determined the company performance in international market for various new product success factors. Specifically, in international markets, it determined pre-development, development activities, product cost and financial value, direction magnitude of advertising activities and order of entry and large for successful new products. Factors of new products successful in international market based on product characteristics or product competitive and market attractiveness are not significant.

Originality/Value: In international markets, developing new product success factors is the main objective of the study. The paper is aims to generate all the factors of new products are success towards company performance in international markets.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate airlines customer’s evaluation of quality toward services provided by Airline Companies and their effect on customer’s satisfaction.

Design/Methodology/Approach: 100 respondents from convenience sample was used to test hypotheses for this study by using SPSS to calculate data.

Findings: From the result was indicated that two of the hypotheses are supported while three are not supported with customer satisfaction of airlines service.

Research Limitation/Implication: The research examines the relationship between service quality dimension and customer satisfaction in airline industry. This study focuses on the evaluation of all airline service user regarding service quality of Airlines Company. The main limitation of this study is that it focus to customer satisfaction on all Airlines Companies: thus the result cannot be generalize.

Practical Implications: The results indicate that company should focus on different dimensions of airline service quality, which will lead to passenger’s satisfaction and encourage the development of long-term relationships with their customers.

Importance of Employee Selection is discussed widely by many authors till date. If we  believe that the organizational success or failure is dependent on the talent pool of the employees, then we admit that Employee Selection is one of the most important areas of Human Resource Management. Thomas Stone defined Selection as "a process of differentiating between applicants in order to identify (and hire) those with a greater likelihood of success in a job".

Organizations use multiple sources of information that will provide a reliable and accurate picture of the prospective employee’s potential for success on the job [1]. Though interviews of different types are the most widely used and popular technique of selection, they are prone to various biases and rator’s errors and hence, need to be supplemented with a few other techniques of selection that will enhance the probability of selecting the right candidate for the job. Graphology is one such technique and this research paper aims to study what is graphology, its role in employee selection and how it can be used as a potentially effective selection technique of the prospective employee.

Hiring a qualified and talented workforce and implementing a program to retain these employees is a key component to successful workforce retention. However, one of the challenges of managers in today`s health sector in Kenya lies in building a workplace of choice where employees want to remain for a long time. Any employer`s foremost responsibility is retention of the best employees, and this can only be achieved by managing employee talent well to keep them satisfied and motivated. The objective of the study was to analyze talent management strategies on medical employees retention in public hospitals in Kenya; a case of Kenyatta national hospital. The research sub-independent variables which were: Availability of career development opportunities, nature of the workplace climate, levels of training and development opportunities available, and attractiveness of compensation and benefits. Theoretical framework focused on the social exchange theory. The total population of the study comprised of a total 800 employees (92 medical doctors and 708 nurses) at the Kenyatta national hospital Nairobi, Kenya. The study derived a sample size of eighty (80), arrived at by calculating 10% of the study population. Regression analysis model was used to determine the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables at 95% confidence level and 0.05 \(\alpha\) level of significance.

The purpose of this paper is to measure the value of the capital per  growth at Turkish manufacturing industry within the years of 1980-2011 by applying an econometric model that account for cross-section dependence and heterogeneity of production technology in a panel setting. That is the common correlated effects (CCE) type estimator of Pesaran is applied. According to the findings of the study, individual industry regression results convey apparent technology heterogeneity across the industries.

The present study was conducted in West Tripura district of Tripura to analyse the socio-economic characteristics of the borrowers in the district. Institutional agricultural credit, through its increasing and cheap supply, has played an important role in the widespread adoption of modern production technology and the promotion of private investment in farms. . Farm structure includes the total operational holding of a farmer and the land utilization pattern. Land used for cultivation, homestead land, own land, leased in and leased out land is also included.120 sample farmers were selected using the multistage random sampling technique for detailed analysis. Information on demographic and socio-economic characteristics like age, sex, education level, land use, etc. by borrowers were collected by survey method using pretested schedules. From the socio-economic study of the farmer, it could be observed that the majority of the farmers of the state are literate, experienced, and interested in timely agricultural credit utilization and repayment. The household considered for the study in West Tripura District had the highest percentage of the male population (51.49%) than that of the female population (47.58%). Cultivation was the primary occupation for 55.82 per cent of the sample population and secondary occupation for 29.17 per cent of the sample population.

This study aims to analyze and explain 1) the effect of online service quality toward perceived risk, 2) the effect of online service quality toward customer attitudes, 3) the effect of online service quality toward online relationship quality, 4) the effect of perceived risk toward customer attitudes, 5) the effect of perceived risk toward online relationship quality, 6) the effect of online service quality toward online purchase intention, 7) the effect of risk toward online purchase intention, 8) the effect of customer attitudes toward online purchase intention, 9) the effect of online relationship quality toward online purchase intention, 10) the effect of online purchase intention toward e-customer loyalty, 11) the effect of online purchase intention toward online customer attitudes, and 12) the effect of e-customer loyalty toward online customer attitudes. This study was explanatory research, which describes the relationship between variables. The study was conducted on consumers who made online purchasing at SMEs who were members of the world's Top 50 SMEs in the online version of the Markeeter magazine. The unit of analysis consists of 123 consumers. The analytical tool used was the Generalized Structured Component Analisys (GSCA) to test the hypotheses. The results showed that eight hypotheses with significant effect were online service quality toward perceived risk, online service quality toward customer attitudes, online service quality toward online relationship quality, perceived risk toward online relationship quality, customer’s attitudes toward online purchase intention, online relationship quality toward online purchase intention, online purchase intention toward e-customer loyalty, and e- customer loyalty toward online customer behaviors. The hypotheses with not significant effect were online service quality toward online purchase intention, perceived risk toward customer attitude, perceived risk toward online purchase intention,and online purchase intention toward online purchasing behavior. Customer attitudes and relationship quality significantly influence online purchase intention. While online purchase intention has significant effect on e-loyalty, it has no significant effect on purchasing behavior, and e-loyalty significantly influences purchasing behavior.

Small retail stores evolved as the saviours of the country at the time of the nationwide lockdown in 2020. People from across cities have relied on essentials, including rural areas. Technology adoption, in simple words, is the effective implementation of innovative technology in the business. Although e-commerce has seen a surge in orders post lockdown, the local stores are giving the organized big retailers a run for their money by staying strong and adopting innovative technologies to grab the opportunities. The main aim of the chapter is to discuss information and communication technology adoption and diffusion in the retail segment. It also explains how diffusion of technology emerged over the decades. This chapter elaborates on the technology adoption limiting its scope to small retailers, the roadmap of the evolution of technology in the segment, and the prospects in the retail sector.

This paper used time series analysis to predict the number of tuberculosis (TB) patients in Khartoum state. It is based on data obtained from TB patients the period from 2007 to 2016. The study was able to determine the best model of order (2) ARIMA (2, 1, 0) for data. The most important result of the study is to estimate the number of patients with TB the next four years in quartile basis. So, the forecasting value represented the source time series data and was observed to decrease. The impotence of this study stems from the use of TB data and hence the estimation of the number of patients in the future, benefiting patients and specialists like.