Current Research Progress in Physical Science Vol. 5

This book covers key areas of physical science. The contributions by the authors include chronology protection, physical universe, Hawking’s chronology protection conjecture, closed timelike curves, null energy condition, dominant energy condition, Raychaudhuri equation, asymptotically flat causality violation, classical causality theorem, medicinal plants, SEM-EDX techniques, FTIR techniques, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, quasi-exactly solvable operators, QES Jacobi Hamiltonian, polarimetric fiber sensor, BSO crystal, fiber Bragg gratings, free spectral range, thermoelectric cooler, robust sliding mode synchronization, dumbell satellite system, sliding mode control, exponential synchronization, dust velocities, flatness of stars, Fowler-Nordheim tunneling, vertical optimization method, metal oxide semiconductor, FN parameters, ferroelectric materials, high-power density piezoelectrics, piezoelectic coupling, 1D heat transfer model, Laplace transform approach, 3D thermal conductivity tensor. This book contains various materials suitable for students, researchers, and academicians in the fields of physical science.