Study of Solution by Excess Thermodynamic Functions

Abstract

The study of different types of solutions by the values of excess thermodynamic functions is very important to understand the interaction patterns between molecules and ions in the solutions.

That is by using ultrasonic waves, dipole moment,  density, refractive index, viscosity, deviation in viscosity, excess free energy, surface tension to determine the thermodynamic functions and its excess as excess internal pressure, acoustic impedance and its excess, rigid sphere diameter, internal pressure, excess surface tension, dimensionless surface tension and its excess, the change of entropy with pressure and excess volume, expansion coefficient, relative change in volume also polarizability, solvated radii and gas chromatography and Rayleigh scattering