Anatomy of Acromioclavicular Joint: Clinical Relevance and Significance

Abstract

The Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint has role in the stabilization of the Shoulder complex during the movement. It is formed by the articulation between anteriorly protruding acromion with the lateral end of the clavicle. Being a diarthrodial type of plane synovial joint, it is lined by the fibro-cartilage. It is stabilized by 3 major ligaments ensuring vertical stability. It has the gliding motion only as it is attached to the scapula and enhances the shoulder complex movement. Blood and nerve supply are done by the axillary and the supra scapular arteries and nerves along with the lateral pectoral nerve. AC joint is often injured as dislocations or sprains as a result from sports injuries, auto accidents, or unintentional trauma. Fall on an outstretched hand or elbow can also lead to an injury. These injuries contribute more than 40% of the shoulder injuries.