Determination of Efficacy and Safety of \(\alpha\)-keto Analogs of Essential Amino Acids Supplementation in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Clinical Evaluation

Abstract

Background: The objective was to determine the efficacy and safety of \(\alpha\)-keto analogs of essential amino acids (KAA) as a supplement in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: In a tertiary care hospital in North India, a prospective comparison research was undertaken in patients with CKD.Two interventional groups were assigned to the patients. Group I (control) patients were administered conservative management and placebo, while in patients of Group II (KAA), conservative management along with KAA (600 mg, thrice daily) was administered for 12 weeks. Hemogram, renal function tests, lipid profiles, along adverse effects were recorded at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment.

Results:

After 12 weeks of treatment, both groups showed gradual improvement in clinical aspects, although the KAA group showed more pronounced improvement than the control group. Both groups demonstrated a steady improvement in biochemical indicators compared to their pre-treatment levels, with the KAA supplemented group showing a greater improvement. Blood glucose, blood urea, serum creatinine, and 24 hour total urine protein all decreased. Hemoglobin, total urine volume in 24 hours, and glomerular filtration rate all increased. When compared to the control group, the KAA group demonstrated a substantial (p<0.05) improvement in lipid profiles.In terms of side effects, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: In patients with CKD, KAA supplementation combined with conservative management is effective and safe in preventing disease progression.