A Brief Overview on Thermal Conductivity of Insulating Materials

Abstract

The present study discusses the different types of thermal insulating materials, factors affecting thermal insulation, and methods to determine thermal conductivity. Air conditioning systems consume the majority of the energy in buildings. The main phenomenon underlying thermal insulation is energy conservation. The study of the thermal performance of the building is critical for providing high comfort to the occupants because it helps to effectively reduce the building's energy consumption. The materials discussed include natural materials like air, wood fibers, sheep wool, leaf, etc., recycled organic waste materials like bagasse, paper, corncob, coconut fiber, coconut shell, etc., and non-biodegradable materials such as plastics, synthetic rubber, etc. The thermal conductivity of these materials varies from 0 to 205W/m⁰K. The thermal conductivity can be measured by various methods such as the Guarded Hot plate method, Heat flow method, Hotwire method, Laser flash method, etc. These methods are also discussed. The ease of use, low health impact, and energy-efficient production are all advantages of using a by-product. The use of recycled waste is less expensive and takes less time. All methods for measuring thermal conductivity have advantages and disadvantages; therefore, a suitable and effective method that is low in cost and time-consuming must be chosen.