A Malaysian Case Series on Bleeding and Malignant Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Abstract

Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNEN) are rare cancers originating from the endocrine tissue within the pancreas. These tumours are categorised based on their functional (hormonal) characteristics and malignant propensity. The manifestation of symptoms and signs is influenced by the tumour's hormonal function, size, and extent of metastasis. Most cases of PNEN are isolated and non-functioning, with insulinoma being the most common type of functional PNEN tumour.

Case Series: We present two pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) cases featuring disparate presentations and treatment modalities. One case was resectable, presenting as a unique occurrence of bleeding PNEN, while the other was unresectable due to widespread metastasis.

Conclusion: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNEN) are a diverse group of disorders that present in various ways. Effective management of each patient requires a thorough evaluation and tailored treatment approach. This article suggests that surgical intervention is the preferred treatment for a rare case of bleeding PNEN, while appropriate medical therapy is beneficial for unresectable metastatic PNEN.