Study on Ownership Identification Using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)-Based LOGO Watermarking

Abstract

An efficient DWT-based watermarking technique is proposed in this research to insert gray-scale logos as a watermark in images to attest the owner identify and discourage unauthorised copying. To hide a higher energy hidden watermark in conspicuous picture components, the method converts both the host image and the watermark into the discrete wavelet domain, where their coefficients are fused adaptively based on the Human Visual System (HVS) model. The method merges the watermark coefficients at various resolution levels of the host image, resulting in simultaneous spatial localisation and frequency spread of the watermark, as well as robustness against various attacks. According to the simulation results, the suggested method is robust to a wide range of attacks, including image compression, linear and non-linear filtering, noise addition, image resizing, cropping, and enhancement, among others.