A Novel Optimal PMU Placement Technique for Monitoring Smart Grid under Different Constraints

Abstract

The objective of research is to determine optimal number and location of Phasor measurement units (PMUs) to make Smart Grid observable. A novel method using binary integer linear programming technique is proposed to transformed conventional power system into a smart grid by placing PMUs at appropriate locations preserving the system set observability. The proposed technique integrates the impacts of bothexisting conventional power injection / flow measurements (if any) and the possible failure of single or multiple PMU / communication line into the decision strategy and maximum redundancy. The network topology and network connectivity matrix remains unaltered. Problem is formulated and program is developed using Matlab software. It is tested and verified on sample 7-bus system and IEEE 14 bus system. Even though the results are limited to one depth from the perspective of power system reliability, further formulation can be extended to any depth of unobservability. The suggested formulation or technique is practicable, quick and computationally simple.