Determination of Toxicity of Oil Effluent on Oxygen Uptake, Filtration Rate and Glycogen in Lamellidens marginalis (Bivalvia: Unionidae)

Abstract

The freshwater bivalve Lamellidens marginalis was subjected to two sublethal doses of oil effluent in order to test filtration rate, oxygen absorption, and glycogen level of different tissues for health evaluation in oil effluent intoxicated aquatic settings. Although aquatic invertebrates are increasingly being exploited in the food production sector, conservation aquaculture, and biomonitoring, monitoring their energetic reserves is relatively uncommon. The treated group's oxygen uptake was higher than the control group's by (10.43±3.476 ml oxygen/hr) in 1/4^th and (11.37±3.790 ml oxygen/hr) in 1/10^th exposures, which peaked at 48 hours and then declined. The concentrations of oil effluent exposure gradually increased and peaked in (205± 68.344 ml oxygen/hr) 72 hours in 1/4^th and (172± 57.346 ml oxygen/hr) 42 hours in 1/10^th concentrations, followed by a moderate decline trend. When compared to the control of all hours, oil effluent uptake peaked at 84 hours in 1/4^th foot tissues (512±170.675 \(\mu\)\(g\) g^-1);1/10^th foot tissues (498±166.014 \(\mu\)\(g\) g-1); 1/4^th gill tissues (516±172.013 \(\mu\)\(g\)  g^-1); 1/10^th gill tissues (464±154.69 \(\mu\)\(g\) g-1) and 1/4^th digestive gland tissues (540±180.012 \(\mu\)\(g\) g^-1); 1/10^th digestive gland tissues (522±174.03 \(\mu\)\(g\) g^-1) of freshwater mussel. The current study found that L. marginalis can be employed as biomarkers for animal health assessment, opening up new avenues for studying freshwater mussel energetic reserves and health status.