Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes: A Deadly Duo of Metabolic and Cardiac Disorders

Authors

  • Roshni Ramachandran Vydehi Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, India.
  • Elama Jami Herat University Faculty of Medicine, Afghanistan.
  • Mohammed Mahmood Mohiuddin Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, India.
  • Ritika Parekh KJ Somaiya Medical College and Research Centre, India.
  • Khadija Tul Kubra King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
  • Mankaranvir Singh Government Medical College, Patiala, India.
  • Shem O. Juma St. George’s University, Grenada.
  • Muhammad Subhan Allama Iqbal Medical College Lahore/Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
  • Venkata Lohit Velivela Dr. P.S.I Medical College, Chinaoutpalli, India.
  • Fnu Danesh Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
  • Doongro Mal Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Dileep Kumar URF Raj Kumar Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
  • Ruqiya Bibi Allama Iqbal Medical College, (Lahore)/Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nramms/v9/6385B

Keywords:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, pathophysiology, electrical changes, structural alterations, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, connexin remodeling, glycemic variability, autonomic dysfunction, clinical implications, coexistence, cardiovascular risks, therapeutic interventions, anti-diabetic drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs, cardioversion, catheter ablation, direct current cardioversion

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease affecting millions worldwide. Atrial fibrillation (AF) stands as the most common persistent irregular heart rhythm, elevating the likelihood of cardiac and cerebral complications. Recent studies have suggested that diabetes patients have a higher chance of developing AF, but the exact link between these two conditions is unclear. This review aims to thoroughly analyze the intricate relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atrial fibrillation (AF), prevalent chronic diseases significantly impacting public health. We delved into current evidence detailing how T2DM influences the electrical, structural, and functional aspects of the atria, heightening susceptibility and severity of AF.
Additionally, we delved into the clinical implications of T2DM and AF coexistence, revealing the elevated risks of stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular death. Moreover, we investigated available treatment modalities for patients with both conditions, encompassing anti-diabetic and antiarrhythmic drugs alongside nonpharmacological interventions like cardioversion, catheter ablation, and direct current cardioversion. This review provides a comprehensive insight of the pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and management of T2DM and AF. It enhances our comprehension of the fundamental processes and possible treatment approaches for this complex situation, providing an invaluable asset for researchers engaged in this domain. By synthesizing current knowledge, we aspire to enhance patient care effectiveness and inspire future research in this domain.

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Published

2023-10-19

How to Cite

Roshni Ramachandran, Elama Jami, Mohammed Mahmood Mohiuddin, Ritika Parekh, Khadija Tul Kubra, Mankaranvir Singh, … Ruqiya Bibi. (2023). Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes: A Deadly Duo of Metabolic and Cardiac Disorders. Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9, 30–55. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nramms/v9/6385B

Issue

Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

Section

Chapters