Pathogenesis, Incidence, and Treatment of Pituitary Adenomas in Adults: Mini Review

Abstract

In this review article, we are discussing the origin of pituitary tumors. The background is that pituitary tumors are usually present with pituitary hormones hypersecretion or mass effect. Our goal with this article to show that the incidence of pituitary tumors is high- at least one in 10 people have it, and at least 43 % are found incidentally on imaging or on autopsy and to describe the follow-up of pituitary microadenomas – which usually do not growth and pituitary macroadenomas which usually grow approximately 0.6 mm/year. Also, another objective we had is to show the treatment of hormonally active pituitary adenomas. Another goal of this review is to show the pathological transcription factors playing a role in the differentiation of the pituitary cells and also describe the regulation of pituitary hormone secretion. As a conclusion we described that pituitary tumors are pretty often, approximately half of them are silent, that the most common secretory adenoma is the prolactinoma which is treated primarily not with transsphenoidal surgery but by medications and describing contemporary follow-up and management of pituitary tumors.