A Rare Case Report on Triorchidism

Abstract

Background: Polyorchidism is a rare congenital condition characterised by the presence of an additional testis. Globally, less than 200 cases have been reported. It carries a risk of malignancy, necessitating prompt diagnosis and follow-up. The management protocol of polyorchidism is ambiguous with factors such as age of the patient, location, size and anatomical organization of the testicular system playing an important role.

Case Presentation: A 28-year-old man presented with a non-tender scrotal swelling that was diagnosed as triorchidism on clinical and sonographic examination (the most common type of polyorchidism). There was type 2 polyorchidism with normal epididymis and vas deference. The case was managed conservatively, and regular follow-up was advised.Conclusion: Polyorchidism is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. Polyorchidism patients can be managed conservatively. The reproductive potential, as well as potential concomitant symptoms and complications such as cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia, and torsion, will have an impact on the management strategy. However, if it is suspected that the supernumerary testis is undergoing neoplastic transformation, it should be resected.