Spontaneous Gallbladder Perforation

Abstract

The aim of writing this chapter is to bring the attention of clinicians to the condition “Spontaneous Gallbladder Perforation” which in acalculus cholecystitis or in diabetics and immunocompromised individuals although is a rare condition but has a high mortality rate. It can be difficult to make a diagnosis before surgery. We discuss two cases of gallbladder perforation that were discovered without any apparent radiological indication at the time of initial presentation. Since 1 day, a 45-year-old male patient has been complaining of diffuse abdominal pain. No other complaints/symptoms were found on a detailed history. This patient's exploratory laparotomy discovered a ruptured gall bladder with necrotic patches and 3 litres of bilious fluid in the peritoneal cavity. A 45-year-old woman with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and asthma arrived with diffuse abdominal pain. On laparotomy 2.5 litres of biloma with necrotic gall bladder was observed. Owing to rarity of gallbladder perforation, the condition is often misdiagnosed. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention are the gold standard for decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with perforation.