Partial Empty Sella Turcica Syndrome: Syndrome: A Case Report

Abstract

Here, we present a case of a young female who presented with secondary amenorrhoea postpartum and was diagnosed ultimately to have partial empty sella syndrome and partial Sheehan syndrome.  Empty sella syndrome is a condition in which the pituitary gland which occupies the sella turcica shrinks or gets flattened. As a result, it is replaced with fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) completely and when seen on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, it looks like an empty sella. Sheehan syndrome (SS) is the clinical manifestation that results due to necrosis of pituitary gland resulting from severe postpartum haemorrhage during pregnancy and is one of the causes of gland. Partial empty sella is the term given when part of the gland is visible on imaging. Patients with SS have varying degrees of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency. It’s frequency is decreasing worldwide and it is a rare case of hypopituitarism in developed countries owing to better obstretric care. However, it is still frequent in under-developed and developing countries. A 23-year-old female, parity 1/intrauterine fetal death 1 (P1IUFD1) who had undergone previous lower segment cesarian section (LSCS) presented to our outpatient department (OPD) with complaints of secondary amenorrhea for 4 years.  Also, Sheehan syndrome as a cause of the same has not been frequently observed. History of post partum haemorrhage, failure to lactate and cessation of menses are important clues to diagnosis.