Intranasal Drug Delivery by Nanoemulsions

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial in defending the brain against toxins, and as a result, it regulates and limits the admission of therapeutic medicines. Using the nose-to-brain route, nasal medication administration enables instant drug delivery into the brain. Bypassing the blood-brain barrier and the first-pass impact. The maxillary and nasal nerves, which are found in the top region of the nasal cavity, allow for direct access to the brain via the nasal route. Formulations in the area of nanomedicine are called nanoemulsions. They are made up of emulsions (often, oil in water), consolidated with one or more surfactants, and eventually, co-surfactants, supplied in tiny droplets with a large surface area. Nanoemulsions are promising formulations for intranasal medication delivery that can reach the brain. In order to avoid issues like insoluble in water, poor availability, enzymatic degradation, and slow onset of action, they can be utilized as a potential substitute for oral delivery. With a focus on popular articles, this chapter examines the literature's current state regarding the application of nanoemulsions for targeting from the nose to the brain. Intranasal nanoemulsions seem to be efficient, non-invasive, and secure drug-delivery devices for the therapy of neurological illnesses that target the brain.