NF-\(\kappa\)B Signaling Mechanism in Different Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

The most common cause of death worldwide is, in fact, cardiovascular disease (CVD). Atherosclerosis is the main contributor to major CVDs including myocardial ischemia, heart failure, and stroke. Atherosclerosis-related downstream aimed genes have been linked to the transcription factor nuclear factor B (NF-\(\kappa\)B), among many other beneficial substances. The NF-\(\kappa\)B family and its molecular targets are activated in reciprocation to cellular and environmental stress, hypoxia, and ischemia. This causes a variety of pathogenic processes, including innate and adaptive immunity, cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. NF-\(\kappa\)B is thus a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of atherosclerosis and related CVDs. It has been demonstrated that several biologics, small compounds, peptides, and proteins can control NF-\(\kappa\)B-dependent signalling pathways. We will concentrate on NF-\(\kappa\)B roles in CVDs in this review chapter when managing CVDs.