Production of Biogas from Organic Waste and Biotech Culture: An Advanced Study

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to recycle organic waste into biogas as an alternative renewable energy generation as well as production of bio-fertilizer (inorganic fertilizer). The production of biogas (biomethane) has been accomplished through the digestion of solid waste by anaerobic bacteria (methanogenic bacteria) in an air-tied environment or closed system known as a biodigester or bioreactor. Methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and hydrogen sulphide are the primary components of biogas (H₂S). Methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (CO₂) are all gases that can be combusted or oxidised with oxygen. Because of the energy released, biogas can be used as a fuel. Three biodigesters were designed, the first one is loaded with caw dung and water (1dm³ + 1 dm³), the second one is loaded with solid waste and water (1,5 dm³ + 0,5 dm³) and the third one is loaded with cow dung and biotech culture (2dm³) labelled as Control-K. After homogeneity and stabilization period (4-12 days) biogas production was registered from each biodigester, the slurry (liquid portion) was collected and used as liquid fertilizer. To summarise, organic waste was converted into biogas (biomethane) and liquid fertiliser (biofertilizer).