Assessment of Chicken Feathers Waste Management by Microbial as a Sustainable and Tool Environmental Friendly

Abstract

Nowadays, valuing chicken feather agro-waste is critical; if these wastes are disposed of without treatment, they may contribute to environmental issues. With increased poultry production, an intense discharge of feather wastes into the environment will be associated. Traditional chicken feather processing procedures, such as land filling, chemical treatment, and burning, are expensive, time-consuming, and hazardous to the environment. On the other hand, microbial hydrolysis is now often regarded as the most environmentally benign recycling option. As a result, the goal of this research is to isolate keratinolytic bacteria capable of effective feather hydrolysis, as well as to optimize specific physical parameters that may affect bacterial development and, as a result, degrading capacity. The newly discovered Bacillus sp. was found to have an excellent feather destroying ability. D4 strain isolated from chicken feathers under optimal mesophilic temperature 37°C, pH 8.0 and 10⁶CFU/mL cell size inoculum, interpreted by highest keratin activity (55.0 ±1.35 U/mL) and (54.3±1.5 U/mL) respectively and higher total protein content in the cell free supernatant of 0.65mg/mL. Apart from the values of these factors, A moderate level of enzyme activity was foundat 40°C (35.1±2 U/mL), 25°C (30.1±2 U/mL), similarly at the initial pH 7.5 (52.3±2 U/mL), pH 9.0(49.0±1.2 U/mL) and pH 10.0 (38.2 ± 1.35U/mL). Bacillus sp. D4, on the other hand, was not able to tolerate high alkaline pH value 11.0 nor acidic pH 4.0 and 5.0 and high temperature of 55°C, correspondingly low enzyme activity was noted (19.0± 1U/mL).