Pyometra and Ovariohysterectomy: Effects on Acute Phase Response and Serum Biomarkers in Female Dogs

Abstract

Pyometra, a severe uterine infection, triggers a systemic inflammatory response characterized by elevated levels of acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and Serum Amyloid A (SAA). The subsequent ovariohysterectomy, necessary for treating pyometra, introduces additional stress, further influencing these biomarkers and various biochemical parameters.

This chapter examines changes in CRP, SAA, and other biochemical markers in female dogs diagnosed with pyometra compared to healthy controls. The findings underscore the importance of monitoring these biomarkers for diagnostic and management purposes, providing veterinarians with critical information for effective treatment and care. The study highlights the complexity of the acute phase response and its role in understanding the broader implications of infection, inflammation, and surgical intervention in veterinary practice.

Key observations include a significant increase in leukocytes, fibrinogen, and CRP levels in dogs with pyometra. Additionally, a strong positive correlation was found between CRP and fibrinogen, and between fibrinogen and leukogram parameters. The study concludes that analyzing leukocytes, fibrinogen, and CRP can be recommended as supplementary examinations for diagnosing the inflammatory process in bitches with pyometra. Furthermore, the research suggests potential novel applications of acute phase proteins in monitoring stress and overall health in laboratory animal medicine.

Overall, this comprehensive examination provides valuable insights into the systemic effects of pyometra and ovariohysterectomy, emphasizing the significance of acute phase proteins as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in veterinary medicine.