Determination of Eruptive Fevers in the Infectious Diseases Department of Ouagadougou CHU-YO, Burkina Faso from 2005 to 2019

Abstract

Infectious pathologies of cutaneous expression constitute a major problem of public health in tropical environment.

Objective: Describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of eruptive fevers in the Infectious Diseases Department of CHU YO.

Patients and Methods: The study took place in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center. This was a descriptive retrospective study of cases of eruptive fever, hospitalized in the department from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2019. 

Results:  During the study period, the prevalence of eruptive pathologies was 5%. The average age of patients was 16 years with extremes of 01 and 73 years. The most represented age group was 01-14 years old (53.1%) with a sex ratio of 1.4. Only 27.2% of patients were up-to-date with measles vaccine. The association fever and cough was the most frequently found syndrome (26.2%). The most common elemental lesions were maculopapular (46.2%), followed by vesicular lesions (10%). The pathologies involved were dominated by measles (50.8%), herpes (19.2%), chickenpox (14.6%), HIV infection (6.3%), meningitis (6.1%).

The average duration of hospitalization was 7.5 days with extremes of 01 and 26 days. The lethality was 4.6%.

Conclusion: Measles and chickenpox are still responsible for outbreaks in communities in Burkina Faso. It is important to increase awareness about vaccination against these febrile eruptive diseases.