Growth and Yield Performance of Plantain (Musa spp.) Varieties in Humid Rainforest Zone of Nigeria

Abstract

The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate the performance of various plantain varieties with a view to identify high yielding varieties in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.) is a member of the Musaceae family and is closely related to the common banana. It is a perennial plant with rhizomes below the ground. Plantains are grown all over the world, including in the tropics, and are primarily consumed as food in various forms. The study was conducted at the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria during 2020 and 2021 cropping seasons. The growth characteristics of the plantain varieties differed significantly. Plant height at 32 weeks after planting showed that variety 4479-1 recorded the highest height, 4.09 m while Agbagba and Mbiegome had heights 3.21 m and 3.07 m, respectively. The bunch characteristics measured after harvesting were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) among the varieties. The bunch weight differed significantly (P < 0.05) amongst the varieties. The outcome indicated that  the yield (bunch weight) for Mbiegome was 10.55 kg, followed by 4479-1 with 10.28 kg., while 7152-2, Ogoni red and Agbagba varieties recorded 07.68 kg, 04.11 kg and 09.5 kg, respectively. Variety Mbiegome outperformed other varieties in terms of yield and yield components other than finger thickness and length in this study and is thus recommended for promotion in Akwa Ibom State.Additional tests should be conducted in other agro-ecological zones to see if the Uyo results would hold up. The most promising variety, Mbiegome, should go through additional testing for resistance to disease, pests, drought, and consumer acceptance.