The Influence of High-Concentration Hydrogen-Rich Water for 24-Week on Body Composition, Blood Lipid Profiles, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Men and Women with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome has become a worldwide pandemic. It is associated with dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and obesity. The sequelae of this condition increase the risk of cardiovascular and neurological disease and increased mortality. The pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome is associated with a dysregulation of redox and inflammatory status, along with a perturbation of cellular homeostasis. Molecular hydrogen (H₂) has been shown to decrease oxidative stress, improve cellular function, and reduce chronic inflammation. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown promising effects of H₂-rich water (HRW) on specific features of metabolic syndrome, yet the effects of long-term, high-concentration HRW on metabolic syndrome is unknown. Sixty men and women with metabolic syndrome participated in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. An initial observation period of one week was used to acquire baseline clinical data followed by randomization to either placebo or high-concentration HRW (> 5.5 millimoles of H₂ per day) for 24 weeks. Supplementation with high-concentration HRW significantly reduced blood cholesterol and glucose levels, attenuated serum hemoglobin A1c, and improved biomarkers of inflammation and redox homeostasis as compared to placebo (P < 0.05). Additionally, H₂ induced a minor reduction in body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, and a significant reduction in blood pressure. These results corroborate previous studies suggesting that high-concentration HRW may exert therapeutic actions for mitigating risk factors for metabolic syndrome, and its related consequences.