Technique of Noise Reduction in Optical Polarimetry with Spin-alignment and Optical Sweeping

Authors

  • Xing Heng School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Xiaofei Huang School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Weiyi Wang School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Fan Wang School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Dinghui Gong School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Chang Liu School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Guoqing Tian School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Jie Zheng School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China and Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China.
  • Yueyang Zhai School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China, Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China and Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China.
  • Kai Wei School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China, Hangzhou Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China and Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpps/v9/4601

Keywords:

Multipole moments, quantum non-demolition measurement, spin-alignment, standard quantum limit

Abstract

Quantum non-demolition measurement with an off-resonance polarized probe is a widely utilized technique for atomic sensors. Typically, QND instruments read out spin states through optical polarimetry using a linearly off-resonance probe in atomic media. This optical read-out process offers high accuracy, with potential applications in biomagnetism, inertial navigation and new physics exploration beyond the standard model. It was observed that previously unexplored spin-alignment polarization induced by the far-detuned off-resonance linear probe in an ultrasensitive optical polarimetry. The evolution of probe-generated multipole moments exacerbates probe noise due to strong magnetic couplings.  A method was demonstrated to decouple spin-alignment from magnetic fields by manipulating the multipole moments in zero fields. A suppression of the probe noise by 8.2 dB at 1 Hz and 10.4 dB at 10 Hz with the proposed method, reaching the standard quantum limit, was achieved. The realized shot-noise-limited optical polarimetry shows significant potential for advancing the performance of atomic sensors, particularly in applications requiring ultra-high sensitivity, such as precision measurements and quantum metrology. These findings provide a pathway toward enhanced sensor precision in diverse scientific and technological applications.

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Published

2025-04-03

How to Cite

Xing Heng, Xiaofei Huang, Weiyi Wang, Fan Wang, Dinghui Gong, Chang Liu, … Kai Wei. (2025). Technique of Noise Reduction in Optical Polarimetry with Spin-alignment and Optical Sweeping. Current Research Progress in Physical Science Vol. 9, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpps/v9/4601

Issue

Current Research Progress in Physical Science Vol. 9

Section

Chapters