Calculation of the Deflection Angle of Starlight in a Gravitational Field

Abstract

We use Newtonian mechanics to calculate the deflection angels of starlight passing around the Sun and the planets in the solar system, as well as the deflection angels of stars visible from Earth. The calculation is based on the premise that ether (Dark matter), which is a medium for light waves (electromagnetic waves), has a mass that is affected by gravity. We calculate the angle of deflection of starlight passing at perigee around the Moon and planets in our solar system. We calculate the angle of deflection of sunlight visible from Earth at sunset(sunrise) and starlight just before it disappears in the night sky. We show that the actual observed value of starlight passing around the Sun matches the calculated deflection angle using Newtonian mechanics. This means that ether (Dark matter), which has mass, exists in any space in the universe.