Antioxidant Levels and Inhibition of Cancer Cell Proliferation In-vitro by Extracts from Peltophorum pterocarpum Collected in Vietnam

Abstract

Peltophorum pterocarpum is native to tropical South-Eastern Asian countries and is a popular ornamental and deciduous tree. This study aims to evaluate low-density lipoprotein oxidation and cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines of 70% ethanolic extracts of P. pterocarpum leaves (LPP) and stem bark (SPP). The results showed that both LPP and SPP inhibited Cu²⁺-mediated low-density lipoprotein and also inhibited the generation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, SPP exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MIA PACA2, A549, KG, HL-60, and CRF-SBA with IC₅₀ values ranging from 118.5 to 255.0 µg/mL. Meanwhile, LPP showed cytotoxic activity against KG, HL-60, and CCRF-SBA with IC₅₀ values ranging from 146.0 to 228.1 µg/mL. SPP also mediated cytotoxicity in HL-60 and CCRF-SBA cells through the activation of the apoptosis pathway. These findings suggested that SPP could help humans avoid developing and progressing atherosclerosis and leukemia.