A Comparative Study on Stereopsis, Aniseikonia, and Associated Symptoms in Patients with Bilateral Pseudophakia with and without Anisometropia

Abstract

The study compared bilateral pseudophakia with and without anisometropia in order to examine stereopsis, aniseikonia, and related symptoms. This cross-sectional study comprised patients with senile cataracts who had previously been scheduled for phacoemulsification with an IOL implant in both eyes. Patients were divided into two groups: control group (n = 69) with an interocular post-surgical refraction difference in Spherical Equivalent (SE) <1.0 D and anisometropia group (n = 42) with an interocular post-surgical difference in SE \(\geq\) 1.00 D. Univariate, multivariate, and regression analysis models were used in the statistical evaluation of the data. Cataract surgery-induced aniseikonia was 0.64% \(\pm\) 1.41% in control group and 0.62%\(\pm\) 1.76% in anisometropia group with an insignificant difference (p = 0.766). Measured stereoacuity was 1.95 \(\pm\) 0.17 log10 seconds of arc in the control group and 2.12 \(\pm\) 0.22 log10 seconds of arc in the anisometropia group with a sig- nificant difference (p < 0.0001). The mean score of symptoms associated with aniseikonia was 1.41 \(\pm\) 0.46 in the control group and 1.47 \(\pm\) 0.45 in the aniso- metropia group, with an insignificant difference (p = 0.387). In the anisometropia group, the following independent variables contributed to stereopsis prediction: axial length difference (18.06 percent), refractive error difference (44.53 percent), aniseikonia (25.71 percent), and IOL power difference (11.71 percent). The study demonstrated that bilateral pseudo-dophakia with anisometropia smaller than 3D did not significantly suffer from stereopsis, aniseikonia, or associated symptoms.