Clinical and Paraclinical Factors Implicated in the Recurrence of Benign Jaw Tumors; A 10-Year Assessment Study

Abstract

This chapter evaluates the framework of a case control study, clinical and paraclinical features implicated in or that signal the recurrence of benign tumors.  The jaw bones may develop the same types of tumors as the other bones of the body but may also develop tumors arising from the alveolar processes (epulis) and the developing teeth (odontomes).  Odontogenic and non-odontogenic benign jaw tumours and tumor-like swellings of the jaws can be distinguished. The sort of surgery performed or the tumor's histological type may have contributed to its recurrence.

We carried out a case control study during the period from January 2010 to April 2020 in the units of Stomatology and maxillofacial surgery, radiology and pathology units of Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé Central Hospital and Yaoundé Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Our study enrolled 253 files of patients who were diagnosed with benign jaw tumors, 127 were included in the study of which 38 were excluded because their files contained insufficient information and those who had neither radiological nor histological work ups.

We retained 89 study participants with a recurrence rate of 7.51%. In our study, we had 61.8% females and 38.2% males with a sex ratio of 0.62. In our study 88.51% of patients were treated using a conservative therapy while 11.49% of patients were treated using a radical treatment.

The radiographic tumour aspect, tooth preservation, type of anaesthesia, placement at the angle and ramus of the mandible, and histomorphology (ameloblastic fibroma and osteoma) were all statistically significant predictors of recurrence. There are a number of clinical and paraclinical variables that are linked to the recurrence of jaw tumours. These variables can aid in predicting recurrences and, as a result, lessen the difficulties that come with delayed therapy.