Detection of IgG and IgM Antibodies Anti- T. gondii and Associated Risk Factor in Pregnant Women in Bangui, Central African Republic

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the immune response to T gondii and associated risk factor in pregnant women in Bangui.

Materials and Methods: This study used retrospective analysis to review the records of pregnant women who had prenatal consultations in the maternity ward of the Bangui Community Hospital between January 2019 and December 2019. From January to June 2021, sociodemographic information, laboratory data (IgM and IgG responses to T. gondii), and HIV serology results were gathered. Chi2 analysis was done.

Results: In this chapter, A total of 307 pregnant women were analyzed. The average age of the women included was 28 (±6) years. The average parity of the entire sample was 2.18 (±1.93). The infection rate of toxoplasmosis was 14.65%. Women with a positive IgM reaction accounted for 17.58%, while those with a positive IgG response accounted for 42.99%. 5.86% of patients tested positive for HIV. Patients aged 20 to 29 had a serological profile that indicated a likely continuing infection (p = 0.010). With no statistically significant difference (p = 0.23), the paucipares were more represented. Pregnant women were not substantially more likely to contract toxoplasmosis (p = 0.96). Immunized and unimmunized patients were exposed in the same way [OR = 0.97; CI 95% 0.4 = 6 - 2.05]. 

Conclusion: Toxoplasmosis is especially dangerous during pregnancy. Seroprevalence was significantly greater among those aged 20 to 24. Whether or whether women were inoculated, they were similarly exposed. This necessitates the establishment of a specific illness prevention program.