Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) have become very common condition. Teaching is a profession which is not spare from MSDs. Repetitious movement, awkward postures, and high force levels are the three primary risk factors that have been associated with MSDs along with age, gender, bad posture and upset psychological levels, improper and insufficient infrastructure. The aim of this study is to present a summary review of the current state of knowledge about musculoskeletal disorders in school teachers.
Methodology: The literatures were searched using various search engines and databases. Search engines were used are Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Databases are COCHRANE, CINHAL, MEDLINE, PEDRO etc. The Source of the data has been electronic sources (Databases, Electronic libraries, Electronic Journals, Google Scholar) and print sources (Journals, Textbooks, Hand searching, Follow-up reference).
Results: Articles were tabulated revealing their title, author, year, study design.
Conclusion: Age, gender, length of work duration, obesity, mental health and insufficient infrastructure all plays an important part in MSDs. Female teachers are more prone for developing MSDs. Frequent breaks between sessions, regular physical exercises, proper footwear, listening to owns body are the important solutions for WRMSDs in the school teachers.

Background: Cosmetologists, beauticians, massage and beauty therapists are category or synonymous terms referring to people who work in the beauty industry In the beauty industry, Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) have increased significantly over the years. Therefore, the purpose of this study is therefore, to present a summary review of the current state of knowledge about musculoskeletal disorders in Beauticians.
Methodology: The literatures were searched using various search engines and databases. Search engines were used are Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Databases are COCHRANE, CINHAL, MEDLINE, PEDRO etc. The Source of the data has been electronic sources (Databases, Electronic libraries, Electronic Journals, Google Scholar) and print sources (Journals, Textbooks, Hand searching, Follow-up reference).
Results: Articles were tabulated revealing their title, author, year, study design.
Conclusion: This review suggested strong correlation between MSD and individual and physical factors in beauticians. Individual factors such as gender, age, education, body mass index are known to be associated with MSD. Appropriate intervention strategies to reduce or prevent MSDs in beautician may include ergonomically designed workplaces, proper equipment and training and reasonable job demands and workload, among others.

The purpose of the study was to determine if a set of exercise variables including exercise frequency, exercise intensity, exercise time, and exercise type could predict self-reported sexual performance among healthy adults. The sample consisted of 509 participants ranging in ages from 18-74 who completed a 30-item questionnaire on exercise frequency, intensity, time, and type and sexual performance indicators. Self-reported sexual performance was identified as frequency of sexual arousal, ability to be easily aroused, number of orgasms in a single sexual episode, ease of orgasm, frequency of sexual intercourse, and sexual arousal then loss of interest. Logistic regression analysis revealed that exercise intensity regression models could predict the frequency of sexual arousal, frequency of sexual desire, frequency of sexual intercourse, and number of orgasms in a single sexual episode with high accuracy. Only the frequency of sexual desire was significantly predicted by exercise frequency regression models.

The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MS using pediatric International Diabetic Federation (IDF) definition and compare it with estimates of Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) definition among adolescents in Northern India. The onset of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children and adolescents is significantly increased by childhood obesity. Studies are required to determine the incidence of these metabolic abnormalities in the teenage population due to the significant prevalence of insulin resistance and MS in the Indian adult population. At a total of 899 adolescents attending school (aged 10-18 years) participated in this population-based prospective study. All the clinical and biochemical assessment were done after proper consent. The MS was determined by the National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III definition modified for age and pediatric IDF definition. The prevalence of MS was 3.5% according to ATP III criteria and 1.5% based on IDF criteria. No significant gender difference was observed in the distribution of MS. Hypertriglyceridemia was the most common and abdominal obesity the least common constituent of MS. This study provides the first estimates of MS using pediatric IDF definition in the adolescent population from Northern India. Immediate lifestyle modifications are needed to control the obesity epidemic and its metabolic consequences. Furthermore, research is needed to know the effects of puberty on obesity and its late consequences.

SIRT1 was discovered in 1979, but increased interest in this protein did not come until 20 years later, when its overexpression was reported to extend the lifespan of yeast. Since then, several studies have shown the benefits of its increased expression in preventing or delaying of many diseases.
As a histone deacetylase, SIRT1 is an epigenetic regulator but has several non-histone targets involved in metabolism, energy sensing pathways, circadian machinery, and inflammatory regulation. Disturbances in these interconnected processes cause different diseases, however they seem to have a common root in the imbalance of inflammatory processes and lower levels or inactivation of SIRT1.
SIRT1 inactivation has also been implicated in the severity of COVID-19, and its low level has been considered a predictor of uncontrolled COVID-19. Several other diseases, such as metabolic disease, obesity, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease or depression, are associated with chronic inflammation and similarly show reduced SIRT1 level.
It has recently become known that SIRT1 can be inducible by calorie restriction/proper nutrition, physical activity and appropriate emotional state. Indeed, a healthier metabolic state is associated with higher levels of SIRT1 expression. These suggest that a suitable lifestyle as a non-pharmacological treatment may be a beneficial tool in the prevention of inflammation or metabolic disturbance-related diseases, and in medical practice it can be part of the complementary therapy to achieve better therapeutic response and quality of life.
In this review we aimed to link the beneficial effects of SIRT1 to diseases in which its levels are reduced. In addition, we sought to collect evidence for interventions or treatments that increase SIRT1 expression, thereby open the possibility of using them as preventive or complementary therapy in medical practice.

The study aimed to assess the comorbidities in children suffering from Cerebral palsy (CP) in Kolhapur district, India.
The cross-sectional study was conducted among children suffering from cerebral palsy and presenting to Department of Paediatrics (n=250), D. Y. Patil Medical College, between October 2018 to October 2019. Detailed history with clinical examination were recorded in a pre-designed performa. The patients were classified based on physiological and topographical factors.
Common form of cerebral palsy was spasti Of the total participants (n=250), male predominance was observed (n=140); with age range of 1c type (n=140; 56%). Most common type among spastic CP was diplegia -18 years.
(n=96; 38%). In spastic CP cases (n=65), children had speech abnormalities. All of the children with spastic hemiplegia (n=3) had intellectual disabilities.
It is clear that the underlying co-morbidities are what actually cause the disability; the motor impairment is only the top-notch symptom.

The emergence of MRSA strains possessing virulence genes encoding such toxins as exfoliative toxins (ets), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), is worrying, especially in relation to the increasing frequency of nosocomial infections. The objectives of the present study are to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and the prevalence of genes encoding ets and tsst-1 in clinical MRSA isolates in tertiary care hospitals. A total of 315 S. aureus strains were randomly collected from different clinical samples and were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility for MRSA. All the MRSA strains were confirmed for mecA gene and analysed for their eta, etb and tst genes by PCR. The results showed that out of 315 investigated 31.2% were MRSA. The study showed that the resistance rates among MRSA isolates for Penicillin-G, oxacillin were 100% while for vancomycin and fosfomycin were 99% and 93% respectively. No resistance to linezolid, teicoplanin, tigecycline was detected in MRSA isolates. Among the MRSA isolates, 4% were positive for tst and 2% were positive for etb toxin gene, while none eta toxin genes were detected. It was concluded that the vancomycin, teicoplanin, tigecycline and linezolid are the drugs of choice for the treatment of MRSA infections, the rates of ets and tsst-1encoding genes among MRSA isolates were low regarding the global prevalence.

The coronovirus pandemic has not only been a health problem but has also caused social problems that are impossible to end in the short term. Especially the effects are very deep on health workers. Depression, anxiety, and fear of the future are most common feelings among the people and health workers. Health system and health policy must figure out pandemic as a social problem at the same time.