Evaluation and Correlation of Raised Serum Alanine Transaminase Values in Reference with Obesity

Abstract

This study was designed to access the level of alanine transaminase in obese subject in the population of Peshawar city, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Obesity is the end result of an imbalance between energy expended and consumed, which causes abnormal fat buildup in the body's tissues. Epidemiological, clinical, and animal studies have reported the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated risk factor. Obesity also leads to the development of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease mortality independently of other cardiovascular risk factors. The current research was conducted in RMI Hospital, Peshawar KPK Pakistan during December 2018 to June 2019. A total of 300 people who seems to be obese (159 females and 141 males) was examined during the entire period for obesity using BMI. Out of 300 cases, 148 (49.3%) cases were separated in the categories of obese individuals depending on body mass index values according to WHO criteria. Female with increased body mass index were 71 (48.0%) and 77 (52.0 %) were males. About 35 (46%) male patients showed elevated Alanine Aminotransferase level and 24 (33.8%) females. In both male and female with increase body mass index showed elevated serum Alanine Aminotransferase. The prevalence of increased ALT values in obese subjects (BMI greater than or equal to 31 kg/m2) was more than eight times that in those with normal weight (BMI less than or equal to 25 kg/m2), even after allowing for the confounding effect of alcohol consumption. From this study, it was concluded that there is relatively increase in serum Alanine Aminotransferase level with increase in body mass index and this raised enzyme levels is more common in obese males than obese females.