Somatic Embryogenesis in Hyacinth: An In-vitro Culture Study

Abstract

The aim of work included introduction of the hybrid form of hyacinth (Hyacinthus) introduced and spread in Georgia into In-vitro culture and research of peculiarities of morphogenesis thereof. Various cultivars of hyacinths have the flowers of various colour, size and shape. They are cultivated on well-lighted, fertile loamy soil. It is cultivated by bulbs, rarely by seeds. Oil produced from hyacinth flowers is used in perfumery. We matched the sterilising agent and its exposure with the intention of obtaining the sterile cultures. In addition, we started with a hyacinth bulb peel explant to create the embryogenic callus. Aiming induction of callusogenesis and embryogenesis, we tested and researched concurrent exposition to benzylaminopurine and auxins (NAA and IBA) in concentrations correlation of 2:10; 2:15; 2:20.  We created the conditions for the embryoid's maturation and the regeneration of the somatic embryos after deriving the embryogenic calli and the somatic embryoids.  We produced aseptic cultures of hyacinth; developed the hormone content of the nutrient medium for induction of embryogenic callus cultures; Callus tissues were highly embryogenic and preserved this feature for two and more years period; Embryoids originated and maturated on the callus tissue acynchronically; we developed the nutrient mediums adequate for maturating and regeneration of the embryoids. The produced embryocultures well reproducted and rooted providing origination of mictrobuds on the rootlets.