Effective RF Transmitter and Receiver System Using 2.4 GHz for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Abstract

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, are aircraft operated without an onboard human pilot. They have a wide range of applications, including military operations, emergency response such as firefighting, and various civilian uses, making them a significant focus of ongoing research. This study aims to develop a cost-effective and efficient communication system between transmitters and receivers for UAVs, enhancing their operational capabilities over long distances to reduce response times in critical scenarios such as military operations, firefighting, and medical emergencies. We propose using 2.4 GHz RF modules for the transmitter and receiver systems, providing 256 channels for reliable and economical long-range data transmission. Integrating multiple transmitters with a single receiver further enhances the system's functionality. The nRF modules consume current between 12.63 mA and 15.94 mA, demonstrating reliable operation with an average communication range of 750 to 950 meters between transmitter and receiver. This performance was evaluated using a Quadcopter Drone. Additionally, upgrading the nRF front-end module from 2.4 GHz to 5.7 GHz is explored to extend the transmission range and improve overall system performance.