Advances in Chemistry of Bioactive Compounds and their Therapeutic Uses: A Review of the Last Three Decades

Abstract

The field of bioactive compounds has witnessed significant advancements over the past three decades, resulting in the discovery of novel therapeutic agents and the improvement of existing ones. This comprehensive review explores developments in the chemistry of bioactive compounds, with an emphasis on synthesis, structural modifications, and wide-ranging therapeutic applications. Natural products remain invaluable sources of bioactive molecules due to their diverse chemical structures and biological activities. Synthetic modifications and analog development have enhanced the efficacy, selectivity, and safety profiles of these compounds. Biotechnological approaches have accelerated drug discovery and optimization processes, while advancements in drug delivery systems have improved the bioavailability and therapeutic index of drugs. Despite these advancements, challenges such as drug resistance, safety concerns, and regulatory hurdles persist. Future perspectives highlight the importance of personalized medicine, artificial intelligence in drug discovery, novel drug delivery technologies, and sustainable drug development. Continued interdisciplinary research and innovation are essential to overcome current challenges and fully harness the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds, ultimately improving global health outcomes.