Diverse Presentations of Amelogenesis Imperfecta: Case Studies Highlighting Clinical Variability

Abstract

Amelogenesis Imperfecta [AI] is a heterogeneous disorder causing developmental defects in mineralization and structure of enamel with complex inheritance patterns. In this disorder, the enamel is hypoplastic, hypomineralized or both. AI is also known as hereditary enamel dysplasia, hereditary brown enamel and hereditary brown opalescent teeth. Three case reports of AI were discussed in this article that were diagnosed on the basis of clinical and radiographic features along with the complete review. In this case series, detailed case histories were recorded which revealed that none of the parents, siblings or relatives suffered from similar dental conditions, all the 3 types of AI presented with almost similar clinical features, posing a complicated scenario for diagnosing each of the types. The biggest challenge in rehabilitating patients with AI is to restore aesthetics as well as function and occlusal stability while keeping the treatment as conservative as possible. Thus, dentists should diagnose the condition as early as possible to offer early intervention and balance the decision by considering the social implications for these patients and intervening to relieve their suffering.