Analyzing the Prospective Cross-Section of Pharmacovigilance in Patients Post-Stroke

Abstract

Adverse effects associated with medications can vary in severity, ranging from minor to major. It is the ethical responsibility of pharmacists to promptly report any suspected adverse effects to the relevant authorities. Stroke not only impacts physical and communication abilities but also induces emotional and behavioural changes. This research emphasizes the significance of monitoring emotional and behavioural alterations in survivors of stroke. The primary goal is to investigate the review of drug utilization in post-stroke patients and evaluate adverse reactions in stroke management. A cross-sectional prospective study spanning six months was conducted, identifying patients diagnosed with stroke who expressed a desire to participate. Through telephonic or face-to-face interviews, all subjects were assessed for adverse drug reactions. Among the 52 patients, 71.15% were male and 28.84% were female. The average age of patients was 63.21 (±10.19) years, with 61% having high blood pressure, followed by 55% with dyslipidaemia, and 42% with diabetes mellitus. During the study period, 38 instances of adverse drug reactions were observed in 15 patients. The most frequently reported adverse drug reaction was gastrointestinal bleeding (17.3%), followed by gastrointestinal distress and constipation. The causality of adverse drug reactions was categorized as probable (74%), possible (23.6%), and definite (2.6%), with no cases classified as doubtful. The study results highlight that a majority of stroke patients experience significant neurological impairment and require assistance with daily activities. Many patients mistakenly attribute the symptoms of adverse drug reactions to the treated disease and aging. To address drug-related issues and enhance the rational use of medications by patients, drug utilization studies should be conducted on a larger scale and in diverse locations.